详情
《国际篮联三人篮球规则》是由中国篮球协会组织专业人员翻译、审校的国际篮联最新发布的针对三人篮球运动的 官方规则，是推广和普及三人篮球运动的重要内容产品。该规则主要介绍了两大方面的内容，一是介绍了三人篮球的最新详细规则，包括比赛场地和器材、球队、比赛通则、违例、犯规、场上人员 的职责和权力等，二是三人篮球器材与软件，是适合篮球教练员、裁判员、运动员、体育院校老师和学生，以及行业相关人员阅读的重要学 习资料。
本书是由中国篮球协会审定的针对三人篮球运动的官方规则，是推广和普及三人篮球运动的重要内容产品。该规则主要介绍了两大方面的内容，一是介绍了三人篮球的最新详细规则，包括比赛场地和器材、球队、比赛通则、违例、犯规、场上人员的职责和权力等，二是三人篮球器材与软件，包括各类器材的尺寸、材质、性能等详细要求，以及相关软件的使用说明，是适合篮球教练员、裁判员、运动员、体育院校老师和学生，以及行业相关人员阅读的重要学习资料。
本规则中的“他”为泛指，不区分男性女性。需理解，这样写只是为了实用的缘故。
本规则是按照五人篮球官方规则的条款顺序进行编写的。当五人篮球规则的条款不适用于三人篮球时，则该条款被认为无效并被删减内容但并不会重新对条款序号进行排序。此做法是出于可比较性及同质性因素的考虑。
本规则英文部分严格使用了国际篮联于2021年11月18日发布生效的OFFICIAL 3X3 BASKETBALL RULES的官方内容。本规则中文翻译部分个别地方做了编辑性调整。若在理解和执行本规则的过程中出现争议，请以国际篮联官方语言本版为准。
本规则在翻译和审稿过程中，难免存在疏漏之处，敬请广大读者提出宝贵意见。
Art. 1 Definitions
1.1 3x3 Basketball game
3x3 Basketball is played on 1 hoop by 2 teams of 3 players and maximum of one substitute each. The aim of each team is to score in the basket and to prevent the other team from scoring.
The game is controlled by up to 2 officials, table officials and a sports supervisor, if any.
1.2 Winner of a game
The first team to score 21 points or more wins the game if it happens before the end of regular playing time. This“sudden death”rule applies to the regular playing time only (not to a potential overtime).
If the score is tied at the end of regular playing time, an overtime shall be played. The first team to score 2 points in the overtime wins the game.
Art. 2 Playing court
2.1 Playing court
A regular 3x3 playing court shall have a flat, hard surface free from obstructions (Diagram1) with dimensions of 15 m in width and 11 m in length measured from the inner edge of the boundary line (Diagram1). The court shall have a regular basketball playing court sized zane, including a free throw line (5.80 m), a 2-point line (6.75m) and a“no-charge semi-circle”area underneath the basket.
The playing area shall be marked in 3 colours: restricted area and 2-point area in one colour, the remaining playing area in another colour and the out-of-bound area in black. The colours recommended by FIBA are as in Diagram 1.
At grassroots level, 3x3 can be played anywhere; court makings-if any are used-shall be adapted to available space, however FIBA 3x3 Official Competitions must fully comply with the above specifications including backstop with the shot clock integrated in the backstop padding.
2.2 Lines
All lines shall be of the same colour and drawn in white or other contrasting colour, 5 cm in width and clearly visible.
2.2.1 Boundary line/Boundary area
The playing court shall be limited by the boundary line, consisting of the baseline (behind the basket), endline (opposite the basket) and the sidelines. These lines are not part of the playing court.
There shall be an additional boundary area of 1 m at the endline,1.5 m at the sidelines (exceptionally for matters of limited space a minimum of 1 m) and 2 m at the baseline around the playing court.
The scorer's table and its chairs must be placed behind the endline on the lefthand side (when facing the basket).
Exceptionally (for matters of limited space) and in World Tour events the scorer's table may cut the corner at the end line (Diagram 5).
To the side of the scorer's table there shall be 2 seats available (one for each team) for the substitutes (Diagram 4).
2.2.2 Free-throw line, restricted area and free-throw rebound places
The free-throw line shall be drawn parallel to the baseline and endline. It shall have its furthest edge 5.80 m from the inner edge of the baseline and shall be 3.60 m long. Its mid-point shall lie on the imaginary line joining the mid-point of the end line and baseline.
The restricted area shall be the rectangular area marked on the playing court limited by the baseline, the extended free-throw line and the lines which originate at the baseline, its outer edges being 2.45 m from the mid-point of the baseline and terminating at the outer edge of the extended free-throw line. These lines, excluding the baseline, are part of the restricted area.
Free-throw rebound places along the restricted areas, reserved for players during free throws, shall be marked as in Diagram 2.
2.2.3 2-point field goal area
The teams' 2-point field goal area (Diagram 1 and Diagram 3) shall be the entire floor area of the playing court, except for the area inside the arc, limited by and including:
• The 2 parallel lines extending from and perpendicular to the baseline, with the outer edge 0.90 m from the inner edge of the sidelines.
• An arc of radius 6.75 m measured from the point on the floor beneath the exact centre of the basket to the outer edge of the arc. The distance of the point on the floor from the inner edge of the mid-point of the baseline is 1.575 m. The arc is joined to the parallel lines.
The 2-point line (the arc) is not part of the 2-point field goal area.
2.2.4 No-charge semi-circle area
The no-charge semi-circle area shall be marked on the playing court, limited by:
• A semi-circle with the radius of 1.25 m measured from the point on the floor beneath the exact centre of the basket to the inner edge of the semi-circle. The semi-circle is joined to:
• The 2 parallel lines perpendicular to the baseline, the inner edge 1.25 m from the point on the floor beneath the exact centre of the basket, 0.375 m in length and ending 1.20 m from the inner edge of the baseline.
The no-charge semi-circle area is completed by imaginary lines joining the ends of the parallel lines directly below the front edges of the backboard.
The no-charge semi-circle line is part of the no-charge semi-circle area.
Art. 3 Equipment
The following equipment shall be required:
• Backstop unit, consisting of:
— Backboard
— Basket comprising (pressure release) ring and net
— Backboard support structure including padding.
• 3x3 Basketballs
• Game clock
• Scoreboard
• Shot clock
• 2 separate, distinctly different and loud signals, one of each for the
— shot clock operator,
— scorer/timer.
• Scoresheet
• Playing floor
• Playing court
• Adequate lighting.
For a more detailed description of basketball equipment, see the Appendix on 3x3 Basketball Equipment.
第1条 定义
1.1 三人篮球比赛
三人篮球是在只有1个球篮的场地上进行的比赛。有2支球队参加，每队出场3名队员，且最多1名替补队员。每队的目标是进攻球篮得分，并阻止对方队得分。
比赛由最多2名裁判员、记录台人员和1名比赛监督（如到场）管控。
1.2 比赛的胜者
在常规比赛时间结束前，率先得到21分或以上的球队获胜。这种“突然死亡”规则仅适用于常规比赛时间（不适用于可能进行的加时赛）。
如果常规比赛时间结束时两队比分相同，应进行加时赛。在加时赛中，率先得到2分的球队获胜。
第2条 比赛场地
2.1 比赛场地
一个标准的三人篮球比赛场地应该是一块平坦的、无障碍物的硬质地面（图1）。从界线的内沿丈量，其尺寸是宽15米、长11米。场地需具有一个标准篮球场尺寸的区域，包括一条罚球线（5.8米），一条2分线（6.75米）和一个球篮下方的“无撞人半圆区”。
比赛场地应用三种颜色进行标记：限制区和2分区域使用同一种颜色，比赛场地的其他区域使用另一种颜色，界外区域使用黑色。国际篮联推荐颜色见图1。
基层比赛可以在任意场地上进行，如果场地带有标线，应根据可用空间做相应调整。但国际篮联官方三人篮球比赛必须完全按照上述标准执行，包括配备一个可安装进攻计时钟的篮架装置。
2.2 线
所有的线应颜色相同，且应用白色或其他能明显区分的颜色画出。线宽5厘米并清晰可见。
2.2.1 界线/界外区
比赛场地由底线（球篮后方）、端线（球篮对侧）和边线组成的界线界定。这些线不是比赛场地的一部分。
比赛场地外围应设额外的界限区，即端线外1米，边线外1.5米（场地受限时至少1米）和底线外2米。
记录台和替补席应置于左侧（面向球篮时）端线的后方。
特殊情况下（场地受限时）和世界巡回赛中，记录台可以切入端线一角（图5）。记录台一侧须为替补队员提供2个座位（每队1个）（图4）。
2.2.2 罚球线、限制区和抢篮板球分位区
罚球线应与底线及端线平行。从底线内沿到罚球线的最外沿应是5.8米，其长度是3.6米。它的中点应落在连接底线和端线中点的假想线上。
限制区应是画在比赛场地上的一个长方形区域，它由底线、延长的罚球线和2条分别起自底线（起点外沿距离底线中点2.45米）终于罚球线延长线外沿的线界定。除底线外，这些线都是限制区的一部分。
罚球时留给队员们的沿限制区两侧的抢篮板球分位区，应按图2标出。
2.2.3 2分投篮区域
某队的2分投篮区域（图1和图3）是除圆弧线内被下述条件限制的区域之外的整个比赛场地的地面区域。这些条件包括以下内容。
• 从底线引出的2条垂直于底线的平行线，其外沿距离边线的内沿0.9米。
• 以球篮中心在正下方场地上的投影点为圆心，画一个半径（圆弧外沿）是6.75米的圆弧。此圆心距离底线中点的内沿是1.575米，且该圆弧与上述2条平行线相交。
2分线（弧线）不是2分投篮区域的一部分。
2.2.4 无撞人半圆区
无撞人半圆区应在场地上画出，其界线为以下区域。
• 以球篮中心在正下方场地上的投影点为圆心，半径（半圆内沿）为1.25米的半圆。
• 与底线垂直的2条平行线，内沿距球篮中心正下方的场地上的投影点的距离是1.25米，其长度是0.375米，距离底线内沿1.2米。
无撞人半圆区由与篮板前沿平行的假想线和上述平行线末端连接封闭构成。
无撞人半圆区的界线是无撞人半圆区的一部分。
第3条 器材
以下为必需的器材。
• 篮架，包括以下装置。
— 篮板。
— 含有抗压篮圈和篮网的球篮。
— 篮板支撑架（包括包扎物）。
• 三人篮球比赛专用篮球。
• 比赛计时钟。
• 记录屏。
• 进攻计时钟。
• 2个独立的、显然不同的、非常响亮的声响信号，分别提供给以下人员。
— 进攻计时员。
— 记录员/计时员。
• 记录表。
• 比赛地板。
• 比赛场地。
• 足够的照明。
对篮球器材更详细的描述见“第二部分 三人篮球器材与软件”的内容。
